don't forget to hit the like button.Details here: http://ali.pub/5989zcMore . There are caliber gems, which are cut gemstones precisely to fit the arrangement of a jeweled piece. The center star has five enamel points and five different images. I am using the pieces in collages, so they don't need to have pins, or earring backs, or pendant loops. My mother gave me some good advice - if you are having your jewellery valued, don't let it out of your sight - if they can't do it in front of you, and want to take it into a backroom, just leave: trust no-one because a good jeweller could change your valuable stone to a cheap one and replace it in the setting in a couple of minutes! Bog oak, another black material, is easy to recognize because it is oak wood preserved in the bogs. Tea Pixie from Canada on October 17, 2012: Wow! Where do I go to a reputable place who will give me an idea of what these pieces are worth. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Holding it in your hand will warm up the material. There are some brooches with unique clasp fastenings that dont fit the mould of any of these descriptions, but since they are less widespread, they are less useful to us when dating jewellery. After the Victorian Era, the period of Art Nouveau utilized soft and delicate colors with rich gold and silver metals. You say it's not all authentic, but then that your jeweler said the pieces were designed to be switched out. Contact Us Some pearls do indeed have these colors, though not all. Slide tube clasps were used for multi-strand necklaces with coral or pearls. Thanks for the info! Most real pearls will feel heavy and are certainly heavier compared with most fakes because they have more density. Plastic is very lightweight, and you can tap it on your tooth to hear a "click" sound. A freshwater pearl is usually more of an oblong shape, compared with saltwater pearls, which tend to be more spherical in shape. Another thing to look for are oval or round metal pads where the pin has been attached to the back of the brooch. Thank you. Hi I have a brooch which is a moon shape with a c clasp green And clear stones in how do I find out when it originated from? I have a number of crosses/colored glass stones/the eyelets are, I have some old jewelry it has large stones in it and rolls and Ruby's I believe but the necklaces made out of really fine wire and on the back of it it's got 900 indebted in some of the pieces, I have a broach it has pearls and gold leafs iv had it for 40years i think its French? It reflects the taste and attitude of every period in history. In this post, I am going to discuss necklace fastenings. SLR0105 (3.4k) $3.95 Firstly the author posted this article in 2016 .. she is hardly reading your comments daily.. and .. secondly ..it was an article inviting comments from readers NOT offering you free advice. Thank you for highlighting it. A necklace can work as a fantastic fashion accessory and can really breathe new life into any outfit choice. Eisenberg - Producing beautiful rhinestone pieces from the 1930s through about 1970, Eisenberg made rhinestone pieces set in precious metals . Links to other sites are usually no longer workable as this is a vintage archive now. We are unable to find the selected article! Mariana Fuzaro from So Paulo, Brazil on November 13, 2014: Very helpful article. The signet ring and the Scarlet Pimpernel, Anne of Green Gables and the amethyst brooch, Antique and Vintage gold bangles: Nellie Stewart and Golf, Antique bracelet clasps padlocks and buckles, Antique jewellery and synthetic gemstones, Edwardian men's jewellery shirt studs and cuff links, Functional jewellery: Georgian handkerchief pins, Gold filled, rolled gold, gold plated, gilt and vermeil, Moonstones, Victorian moonstone jewellery, Necklace styles lavalier, negligee and sautoir, Necklace styles rivieres, fringe, festoon, collars and chokers, Organic jewellery made of teeth, bone and horn, Personalised jewellery: Part I initials, Precious silver metals in antique jewellery, Victorian and Edwardian Seed Pearl Jewellery. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Often, there were slots on each side of the clasp to allow a tongue clasp to be inserted into each side. Accoutrements included art deco jewelry. Buckle clasps are also rarely used in gold and other metal jewelry. I'm sure you know what site I mean. This is a great helpful article. I love collecting beautiful jewelry. I was hoping to get some guidance to determine its actual age. One of the essential pieces of jewelry youll wear is your bridal. Which also covers silver plated & gold marks! Ladder clasp A ladder clasp is an old-fashioned fastener used for watches. It is made from the sap of a Malayan tree. There is no indication that anything on it was altered. Thanks so much. Victorian bolt clasp. These marks can also make a tremendous difference in the value and collectability of the jewelry. The pin with a hook could be for a watch? They are easy to attach and remove, easy to manufacture, as well as being a solid and secure option. All rights reserved. A devil-may-care attitude influenced the look. $195. The classic interlocking C logo is a common motif, as well as pieces with simple lines and plenty of sparkle. This jewelry is visually identifiable because of the Irish motifs. 3. Thank you for all the information. The barrel clasp is a literal barrel that screws into each other and connects to the ends of bracelets or necklaces. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. This is a fossilized wood material first discovered in Whitby, England, in the middle of 1800. Since the Victorian period, fashion hasnt dictated the use of such thick fabrics in heavy layers, and so the extended C clasp has had no use. Wish I would have seen this years ago it would have been helpful. It resembles a shepherds loop and locks the horizontal hook into an ornamental fish-shaped box. If your string of pearls features a round clasp, it is also very likely to be vintage. I'm not sure what is giving people the impression someone will be appraising their jewelry, or even answering their questions, as nowhere is it even suggested - much less stated - that these services will be provided. These are your classic pearls, spherical in shape, very shiny, and white and/or cream colored. Black jewelry can be found in abundance at flea markets, estate sales, and antique stores. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Nowadays, it is illegal to mine for jet, which makes the material extremely valuable. Costume jewelry pieces from the mid 20th Century or vintage fashion jewelry have a heavy feel to them and most sparkle a great deal. Lobster claw clasps get their name from the fact that they are shaped like a lobsters claw. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a53e3b133b91d244f672dc385e5313f1" );document.getElementById("d6a40c8650").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Your email address will not be published. Examine the clasp: The type of clasp can help you determine the age of a piece. Plastic is the most accessible material to understand. Filigree is a delicate process in which jewelers take metal threads and twist/weave them into intricate designs that are then soldered in their place. I can find sites showing their different marks, but I can't find info on WHEN that mark was used. (Answered), 31 Types of Necklace Clasps (with pictures), Mens Necklace Lengths The Ultimate Guide (Size & Chart), Blood Vial Necklace The Ultimate Guide (Pictures), Top 10 Best Necklace Chains That Dont Tangle, Top 10 Best Necklace Chains That Dont Pull Hair, Top 10 Best Necklace Chains That Dont Break, The Perfect Necklace Lengths for Women (Size & Chart), Top 10 Best Necklace Chains That Dont Tarnish, 49 Types Of Chain Links & Necklaces Guide To Different Kinds of Chain Links, 40 Amazing Bridal Necklace Styles for Your Wedding Day. One way is to look at the style of the clasp. Although not all vintage jewelry is worth thousands of dollars each, the shiny silver necklace found in the consignment box might be worth more than $5. I think this video is excellent. To be able to wear the earrings I am going to have to get the posts replaced. When to Keep and When to Sell Your Vintage Jewelry. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Both freshwater and saltwater pearls are very rare in the wild, so most pearl jewelry out there is made from cultured pearls, made commercially by humans. Dating items that feature C clasps, therefore, are sometimes dated using different methods. In fact, the clue is in the name as some people refer to these as Black Pearls. It is a type of fossilized wood that was first mined in Whitby, England, in the mid-1800s. The extended C clasp still has a long and strong pin longer than the setting of the brooch itself, but it also features the signature c shaped metal piece that holds the pin securely. Please help. Metal buckle clasps by HEN GRC. It has enameled and rhinestone flowers. Just a note: jet breaks easily. This material was first introduced to England in 1841. The barrel clasp is a literal barrel that screws into each other and connects to the ends of bracelets or necklaces. I cannot add any knowledge I'm afraid as I have only recently started collecting. It is silver or white gold and has a blue ceramic / glass face with 2 painted flowers ( millafiore?) Amazing-Georgian-Victorian-14K-Rose-Diamond-Brooch-Pendant. I have one question though, how do you tell what you actually have if the piece has no makers marks? You can send pictures of your necklace to mcdonaldkaren400@ gmail.com. Tahitian pearls vary in shape, but these are usually much darker hued and can be grey, dark blue, silver, or black. Use of white metals, such as platinum, white gold, or diamonds, is encouraged. I have places I know of like thrift stores, Ebay,etc. I love to yard sale and often wonder how old the jewels I find there are. It appears to have a clasp (unchanged) from the 1920's, has filigree and round silver discs and tear drops that dangle from it. In the many types of chain links and necklaces we can observe today, we can get glimpse, When it comes to your wedding day, you want to look your best. The other types of clasps continued to be used, and are still used today. The C clasp, where the pin was more proportionate to the brooch, is sometimes still used today. Some people feel that selling vintage jewelry is not an option. He said these pieces were designed so that different pieces could be changed out. Archaeologists have found samples made of shells dating back as far as 28,000 BCE The names of necklace styles are often nearly as varied as their lengths. For example, older brooches may have a C-clasp or trombone clasp, while newer brooches may have a safety clasp or . Jewelry: My first saphiret piece, please help in dating: Apr 1, 2023: Jewelry: Faux pearl brass brooch ID and dating help please: Jan 31, 2023: Jewelry: Dating old ring by design: Nov 14, 2022: Jewelry: Dating on King Tut set: Aug 30, 2022: Jewelry: Assistance in dating & style of ring: Jul 28, 2022 It has a very distinctive look. These dangling pendant style earrings dating back to the 1920s are infrequently found early examples with screw backs. eBay Is a Great Source for Buying Antique Jewelry. Thank you. A spinning locking mechanism is attached to the standard C clasp, allowing the wearer to secure the pin of their brooch in place. Whether choosing a clasp for convenience, for securely fastening your necklace, or even for aesthetics, here are 31 types of necklace clasps to consider. Jet is light and as strong as plastic. 1. Popular for their safety as well as their security, the trombone clasp fastening was featured on a range of jewellery, but mostly brooches. Any idea. The spring mechanism keeps the clasp closed. How To Untangle A Necklace 2022: Top Full Guide, How to Make a Beaded Necklace With a Clasp? Thank you. Somebody hid these 60 years ago and apparently forgot all about them. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. There are a number of variations on this style such as box clasps, pearl clasps, and filigree clasps. Can anyone help me work out what they are please. Here's a brief look into some jewelry myths: Dating Our Jewels, Part I: Clasps, Irridescence, Table Cut Links to subsequent Parts in this series are at the end of this article. View all posts. . This also suggests that it is not original as an Eastern Star member would know the correct way it is worn. Because pearls are made up of layer upon layer of nacre, real pearls are susceptible to peeling. You have probably all scared her off unfortunately from ever writing another. I have a signed YSL black runway cuff bracelet that I wish I could find someone to authenticate and date it. I have 2 Halloween brooches, which I haven't seen anywhere else: Frankenstein's Monster & an enameled ghost. Laser cutting was introduced in the first half of the 20th century, and so hand-cut stones can help indicate an age of the item. I am wondering what the backing might be. thanks for sharing a great lens with us really new and informative. Thank you for your consideration. I showed this to my jeweler. Keep reading this article; Byboe will show you How to Date Necklace by Clasp? The photo shown here is a sterling silver filigree camphor glass necklace. HubPages is a registered trademark of The Arena Platform, Inc. Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. Using your loupe, you will often find some kind of mark identifying the jeweler, designer, retailer, or manufacturer. Brick-Style: The brick-style chain, which is appropriately referred to, is made to look like layers of bricks with rectangular brick links. It is a very distinct photo shown. I just don't know where to begin. Both the tube and c-clasp hinge were created in 1850 and were typically handmade. It is on a either 14-18 inch thin silver chain. Freshwater pearls are much thicker than saltwater, as they are typically around 100% nacre. The decade they were most prevalent in is usually used to identify pieces made in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Thanks for this resource. I do hope that this was not a waste of your time. I enjoy antique jewelry. Having graduated university with a BA in English Literature and an MA in Creative Writing Bethany then joined the AC Silver team as a content creator. in 2022, How To Make A Necklace 2022: Top Full Guide, How to Make a Cord Necklace Without Clasp? The shape has been modified in the modern earring. Saltwater pearls have a deeper shimmer and shine than freshwater because theyre thinner. My comment is a question that brought me to this page which I know will be very helpful in my new hobby. Metal Structure: Much of the jewelry with rhinestones were designed with a large metal setting. Plastic is the most obvious of all materials to decipher. Look for any suspicious solder. Diamond Emerald Safety Pin Brooch Vintage 18 Karat Gold Pendant Baby Push Jewelry. I bought a c-clasp, santo domingo or bracelet, ear-rings. Thank you, Karen. Often those pieces had chain link extenders onto which the hook could be secured, allowing adjustability in the length. How to Determine the Value of Vintage Jewelry? Small details of craftsmanship can help determine if the jewelry is genuine vintage. In antique pieces, it may exhibit changes in the shading of the metal. The lobster clasp came into use in the late 1970s. Can You Wear a Pendulum as a Necklace? Your email address will not be published. The C clasp is a staple of the Victorian period. Thanks for posting this. Color palettes dominated different time periods throughout history. Swivel clasp A swivel clasp is a type of lobster clasp that can turn 360 degrees at the base. This usually begins with looking at things like clasps and hinges, since certain types are known to have been used during specific periods in time. A lot of pearl necklaces from the 1920s or so would feature a fishhook clasp. Your email address will not be published. Spring ring clasps Spring ring clasps are one of the most basic, and one of the most popular types of necklace clasp currently in use today. Cultured pearls are the real deal. There is a clasp fastening usually referred to as the extended C clasp that predates the C clasp with which were more familiar. The key is finding the right, For many people, jewelry is the perfect gift as it is a fantastic way to show somebody how much they mean to you. The colors on the star are incorrect but I don't know if it is just the way it photographed. Chanel - A classic name in quality costume jewelry, Chanel rhinestone pieces are very popular. 3. Ruby Lane Blog. This type of clasp uses this push pull method of closing. Again, this drawing shows the different types of clasps used on brooches or pins with the approximate date when they first appeared. There are no discernable markings on the earrings with the naked eye. Exclusively Wholesale, 1950 Edition Vintage jewelry findings including snap catches for neck About Us The eye-catching buckle clasp can turn any piece of jewelry into a statement piece. I also come in with a price in mind. I hope that you can tell me a little more about it. So be sure to take good care of them, store them properly, and maintain them correctly. They are the same size (each are approximately 4 1/2 cms long, 2 1/2 cms wide and 1/2 cm thick); a curved almost diamond shape with curved edges and linked together with string that is threaded through the narrow ends. Bakelite can be made black, but not all Bakelite is black. It is more commonly found on antique bracelets than necklaces. Identifying what the black material is can make a big difference in determining when it was made and how much it could be worth. Screw-back non-pierced earrings that were made in 1900 are still made today, but they are not that common on newer pieces. Another way to date a necklace by clasp is to look at the materials used in the clasp. You can send them to me at mcdonaldkaren400@gmail.com. There are many different types of clasps, so it is essential to know which one you are looking for. Clasps have been around for centuries, and they have evolved. Thanks! Vintage jewelry pieces that the necklace clasps were made with round levers date a clasp-free jewelry clasps can add a necklace, roundels. And even then you are still not using the words please or tank you. karMALZEKE (author) on November 21, 2019: Your ring sounds really interesting. You should also pay attention to the shape. Were can I go that someone may know about it. I began seriously researching vintage jewelry a few years ago. Thanks for posting. What would you have liked to learn about?, etc. (Or, maybe it's just as simple as to give the owner a choice: Hmmm, pendant or brooch? Releasing the lever will automatically shut the claw. A round clasp is very similar to a box clasp, except it . Hello, I have several pieces of jewelry that were my Mom's and probably my Grandmother's and great Aunt's. This was so that the brooch could be affixed to the thick and heavy fabrics used in Victorian clothing. This is so informative. Wonderful lens, and very informative. The other side is typically an oval. AUTHORITYJEWELRY.COM IS A PARTICIPANT IN THE AMAZON SERVICES LLC ASSOCIATES PROGRAM, AN AFFILIATE ADVERTISING PROGRAM DESIGNED TO PROVIDE A MEANS FOR SITES TO EARN ADVERTISING FEES BY ADVERTISING AND LINKING TO AMAZON.COM. This type of fastener gets its name from the tiny barrel that is found at both ends of the jewelry piece. I believe that the gold piece youve shown is a scarf or cravat clasp. The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers to this website may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Vintage jewelry hattie carnegie: the 1940's-1950's and it comes to the early 20th. karMALZEKE (author) on November 13, 2019: Yes. It is thicker than a modern post - even a screw back. Only the 1920's indicates it's still used. I have found that the trickiest thing about dating a brooch is not necessarily the kind of clasp but an altered back. Terms & Condition Today, jet is in the seams of the cliff walls on which the town is built. Also used was the barrel and tongue clasp where the thin v-shape tongue fitted into a barrel-shaped box, known as a barrel and pin clasp. They are not at a loss for bling either as these pieces of faux jewelry or junk jewelry as it has been called over the years are all about making a splash whether with a starfish brooch or a scallop shell bracelet. The author is asking for your comments on her article: was it helpful? Tips for Identifying Vintage Jewelry. Knowing the history behind the necklace, your great-grandmother left you alone for many years, can help you connect with the past people. 2023 The Arena Media Brands, LLC and respective content providers on this website. It says YSL Made in France on the inside. With, As creepy as they may seem, blood vial necklaces are proving to be more and more popular with each passing year. Look for hallmarks on the clasp, chain, or pendant. These slots could just be a bar or a thin square outline. Linkedin These fastenings were used from the late 1800s through to the mid-20th century. That's right, kitschy! Early safety catches were handmade. Age, etc. Some of these styles are still made today. Featuring the same mechanism as a belt buckle, this clasp style is usually found in material or leather bracelets, wristwatches and choker necklaces. This material was introduced into England in 1841. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. (Photo coming tomorrow) Lobster Clasp - A variation on a spring ring that's slightly elongated and sturdier. Thanks. These slots could just be a bar or a thin square outline. There are a few different ways to date a necklace by the clasp. Around 1890, the safety catch was invented to better secure brooches and pins. Sparkly Vintage Mid Century Crystal Rhinestone Necklace with Fold Over Clasp 5 out of 5 stars . And I thought it was going to be about dating jewelry instead of men! Have you seen this before? This is also a sign that the piece has been altered. Plastic is lightweight, and you can feel it clicking on your teeth. Very helpful and well written. Use your loupe to look for a mold line. This article will offer some tips on how to analyze and date antique jewelry. The only thing I'd seen before was an automotive paste that was $10 for a little tube that I have no other use for. Knowing the difference between all of these can be helpful when determining the date of your jewelry. Use of filigree in necklaces, bracelets, and rings. Jet can still be found in the seams of Whitbys cliff walls. On the back is a small screw that attaches this shape from the frame. $ 9.00. Aloha! A slim, metal, tubular casing is used to cover the end of the pin. This 1950s emerald paste wedding ring is listed at ruby lane for only $200. Elyn MacInnis from Shanghai, China on June 04, 2013: I have heard an old dentist talk about Gutta-percha. Vintage pearl necklace clasp identification. You can search on Ebay for similar pieces. Bakelite is a phenolic, very popular in the 1930s and 1920s. Benj. I have a pair of earrings that have .925 (C) M stamped on the backs. Crepe stone is another black material and is made of glass. Sometimes, likely due to their age, antique brooches with trombone clasps can be stiff to open. Has anyone seen this this before? Sincerely, Karen, I'm trying to figure out a necklace I have had for a long time. Cut a length of approximately 5 cm of wire with your wire cutters. Hi Karen: I inherited a long (42 inch), heavy gold necklace that has no makers mark or hallmark. Thank you! Your website is proving to be very helpful. So there you have it, a brief look at some of the clasp fastenings youre likely to find on antique jewellery. The trombone fastening is ideal for a brooch this shape and size, as it straddles roughly the centre point of the brooch, holding it firmly and securely in place while wearing. As its name implies, this jewelry fastener is circular, or ring-shaped, with a small nub poking out of it. They remind me of some Japanese prints. A variation on this fastener, the swivel clasp, is capable of rotating in a complete circle at its base. We all deserve to feel attractive and comfortable in our own skin, and for many guys, jewelry can help us to feel exactly that. Please assist its going to help greatly in dating my piece. It can be difficult to find a good-quality chain that, When it comes to necklaces, the chain is just as important as the pendant. Can you help me to determine the age of my old Jet (lignite) bracelet that has a cameo on it. Sometimes, vintage and evenantique jewelleryis hallmarked with a date letter. Its also complicated and similar to coal. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. I write this comment as a stand against the poor manners so prevalent on social media these days. A diamond eternity band dating from the Edwardian period sells for $2,100 at Isadoras Antique Jewelry shop. Required fields are marked *. I had never seen this before and thought surely they must be old. This is another example of a hidden or concealed clasp. With so many different fakes out there, telling the difference between genuine pearls and fake pearls can be tricky. Jewelry made in the 1910s will be more valuable than jewelry made in the 1980s. Barrel Clasp: A very common vintage fastener. I was given a ring from an Italian aunt that belonged to her grandmother, not sure who gave it to her. Millegrain details are added to necklaces, rings, and bracelets. Ita a birthstone ring with five stones and a silver band holding them in. I'm in the process of sorting out my jewellery that I have inherited from my two grandmas and my mum. Hi I have got an eternity gold ring that I think is very old .The marking says: N 825 or 625 C ( but reversed) and N.Can you help me to determine the age of my ring please ? The style of the chain, the material, and, Do you have a drawer full of tangled necklace chains? Have a look at your brooches and see if you can find any luck in establishing their era using the clasp fastenings. Due to wartime rationing in the 1940s, semi-precious metals such as rose gold and fill have been used more frequently. There are ways to test each one of these materials to determine what it is. ), My previous post described a brooch or pendant that could also be worn on a chain and it's heavy metal. $2,475 OFFER. I will definitely pass this on! The mold line will run around the piece and split it in half. I think they are the screw-on for non-pierced ears. This 1920s ruby, emerald, and diamond dragon brooch is a perfect display of the trombone clasp. The hook end is slim and may have some scalloped notches in it that give it the appearance of an antique key. Any help would be greatly appreciated. The pinnacle of the shepherd's hook's popularity occurred in the 1950s and 1960s, making it prevalent in vintage necklaces and bracelets dating to those eras. I cant really make it out. karMALZEKE (author) on September 18, 2012: The piece of jewelry above is a watch fob brooch. It is bothersome that the center shape does not fit properly within the framed shape. Also popular as a fastener from 300BC and through the Roman and Byzantine periods was the hook, often S-shaped. In Whitby, there were over 200 jet shops by 1870. What do you use most of your flowers for? The hook on the back is to hang a watch chain from and the pin is usually pinned on the outside garment. You should clean your jewelry the right way, Lets us show you some tips to keep your necklace clean: How To Clean A Necklace 2022: Top Complete Guide, How To Clean Silver Necklace 2022: Top Full Guide. Hey there - I have a pair of gold & diamond c. 1890s stud earrings with post screw back. Different Types of Clasp Fastening The main clasp fastenings we'll look at today are: the C clasp, the trombone clasp, the T bar, and the locking C clasp. Browse Similar. Some push button clasps have a lever or button that must be pressed to release the closure. But fun! The nacre traps the parasite or irritant and encases it, creating a beautiful prison for the irritant, in the form of a pearl. 1pc Vintage Brass Chain Mesh Box Snake Style Necklace - 18" Length $10.90 CollectorsFindings Vintage Mother of Pearl Bead CZ Inlay Necklace 925 Sterling NC 697-E $46.32 $51.47 (10% off) GabrielStar Vintege Necklace Jewelry Mather stone Gold Beaded Necklace B-031 Star Seller $11.99 LOVNTG Brand New Vintage Handmade Pewter Brontosaurus Necklace - 18" A safety mechanism locks the two ends in place. What fun! I like to look up different styles and periods of jewelry to see what comes up and how much it sells for. Hello. The bolt ring then developed into a spring ring clasp. in 2022. 2. The other side of the hollow tube has a long slit in it. I am also very excited to learn more about fashion, estate, vintage and antique jewelry, because my background in in designing and making one-of-a-kind fine jewelry in gold and platinum, and I am like a new baby here.
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